"Mosi oa Tunya - Nhoroondo" (Yakashandurwa naEllen Machingaidze)
Updated: Oct 26, 2020
Chii chiri muzita?
MuAfrica, mazita avanhu neenzvimbo anotakura tsika, nhoroondo dzoupenyu, nezvishuo zvavanhu. Mai vangu vanonzi Ellen. Vakazvarwa muZimbabwe ichiri Rhodesia, vakapiwa zita rechirungu nokuti ndiwo wanga uri murairo tisati tava nokuzvitonga kuzere. Ini, Tendai, ndakazopiwa zita reShona kunge vana vazhinji vakazozvarwa Zimbabwe yava kuzvitonga.
Ko zita rokuti Mosi oa Tunya rakapiwa mapopopo aya anonzizve Victoria Falls rakabva kupi?
Kumabvazuva enzvimbo inonzi Caprivi Strip kune panonzi Four Corners of Africa. Pasi pose hapana imwe nzvimbo seiyi panosangana nyika ina. Nyika dzinobatana ipapo dzinoti Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, neZimbabwe. Iyi inzvimbo inogara vanhu vechiLozi, vazhinji vavo vachigara kuzasi kwenyika yeZambia. Mutauro wavanhu ava unonzizve Lozi. Unosanganisa mitauro miviri inoti Luyana neKololo.
Rudzi rwavanhu ava vanonzi Luyana rwakabva kumahombekombe erwizi runonzi Congo. Pakati pemakore 1700 ne1800 vaLuyana vakauya kuzogara vakatevedza rwizi Zambezi vakapoteredza mapopopo eMosi oa Tunya. Vanhu vanonzi Kololo vakabva kunyika yavakunzi Lesotho. Vakange vachitiza gamba rokurwa rainzi Shaka Zulu mugore ra1830. Vakazorwisa nokukunda vaLuyana ndokugara navo pedyo ne mapopopo eMosi oa Tunya. Mukusangana kwemarudzi aya ndimo makabuda chirudzi chinonzi Lozi, makazobva zita rokuti Mosi oa Tunya - “Chiutsi Chinotinhira.”
Rimwe boka ravanhu vanonzi vaTonga, vanogara munzvimbo inobva Kariba kusvika Victoria Falls muZimbabwe, nedzimwe nzvimbo kuzasi kweZambia, vanodaidza mapopopo eMosi oa Tunya nezita rekuti Shungu Namutitima. Iri izita rinoratidza zvinoitika mukufamba kwemvura yamapopopo ichipwititika kunge mvura iri kuvira ichifashaira pamoto. Mamweo marudzi anogara panzvimbo iyi anodaidza mapopopo aya kuti The Place of the Rainbow. Izvi zvinobva pakuti kana mvura ichipopoma panoonekwa mirara bungu masikati uye neusiku.
Ko zita rokuti Victoria Falls rakabvepi? Chii chakaita kuti mapopopo aya emuZimbabwe adaidzwe pasi pose nezita iri rechirungu?
Murungu anonzi David Livingstone akasvika panzvimbo iyi musi wa 16 Mbudzi 1855 achienda kuQuelimane munyika yeMozambique. Aifamba murwizi Zambezi nechikwata chezvikepe zviduku, akatugamirirwa nevanhu verudzi rweKololo. Mufundisi uyu wekireki wokunyika inonzi Scotland akanyora zvaakanga aona achiti (David Livingstone,Travels and Researches in South Africa,1858):
"Tafamba ma'minutes ' anosvika makumi maviri kubva kuKalai, tichiri ma'miles' mashanu kana matanhatu tisati tasvika pamapopomo, takaona kutanga kwemvura yaipfachuka ichibudisa chiutsi, zvakada kufanana noutsi hunobuda kana mwanda youswa ichipiswa. Hakuna mumwe murungu anga ambozviona kutangira zuva iri. Kuyevedza uku kunofanira kuva kwakanakidza vatumwa vaMwari wokudenga mukubhururuka kwavo."
David Livingstone akabva atumidza mapopopo aya kuti Victoria, zita ramambokadzi wekuBritain panguva iyoyo.
Mosi oa Tunya/Victoria Falls mapopopo akakurisa kudarika mamwe ose pasi pose. Akafara 1700m nokudzika 108m. Mapopopo aya anobatanidza mapopopo madiki mashanu kuita nzvimbo imwe. Mapopopo mana anoonekwa nokurutivi rweZimbabwe: Devil's Cataract, Main Falls, Rainbow Falls, neHorse Shoe Falls. Mamwe acho echishanu anoonekwa kurutivi rweZambia achidaidzwa kuti Eastern Cataract. Panofamba mvura yomurwizi rweZambezi ichipinda nomumagoronga makuru akatevedzana, mumbure unenge mhute unokwira mudenga uchionekwa uri kure makilometers anosvika makumi maviri.
Mosi oa Tunya/Victoria Falls ndeimwe yezvisikwa zvinoshamisa zvinomwe zvinowanikwa pasi pose (Seven Wonders of the Natural World). Zvimwe zvacho zvinoti Aurora Borealis (the Northern Lights), the Grand Canyon (USA), Paricutin (Mexico), Mount Everest (Nepal & Tibet), Harbor of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), uye the Great Barrier Reef (Australia).
Mugore ra1989 mapopopo aya anoshamisa akaitwa UNESCO World Heritage Site achichengetedzwa nemazita maviri: Mosi oa Tunya neVictoria Falls.